Xiao (杜小雯)
Group 1: Riesling / 第一组：雷司令
1号葡萄酒：德国雷司令酒标上的“feinherb”代表着什么呢? 与troken（干型）和halbtroken（半干型）不同，feinherb没有严格的法规定义。许多葡萄酒在标签上没有任何甜味标识，然而这通常可以从葡萄酒类别和酒精度推断出来。例如，酒精度较高的”Kabinett”是干型的葡萄酒。事实上，很难说“feinherb”尝起来是什么味道，因为它有很多不同的风格，从寡淡而几乎干型的到舌尖的私享奢华，而且根据年份的不同，还可能有相当的甜度。
Wine 1: So what are feinherb Rieslings? Unlike troken and halbtroken, feinherb is not legally defined. Many wines do not have any indication of sweetness on the label but this can often be deducted from either the wine category or the alcohol level. In fact, it’s hard to say what feinherb tastes like, as there are so many different styles, ranging from light and almost dry to opulent and—depending on the vintage—quite sweet.
2号葡萄酒：总的来说，克莱尔谷（Clare Valley）雷司令属于中高档价位、品质从一般到出色都有。澳大利亚的雷司令大多是极干型、有着高酸度。根据地区的不同，味道包括苹果、柠檬、葡萄柚、酸橙和桃子等水果味。大多数葡萄酒在不锈钢中发酵后结束不久就装瓶，以保持充满活力的果香和花香。
Wine 2: overall, Clare Valley Riesling tend to be good to outstanding in quality and mid-to-premium priced. Australian Rieslings are mostly bone-dry with high acidity. Depending on the region, flavors can range from apple, to lemon, grapefruit and lime to peach. Most wines are fermented in stainless steel and bottled soon after to keep the vibrant fruit and floral aromas.
3号葡萄酒：最好的阿尔萨斯雷司令葡萄酒的酒体从中等到丰满，中等酒精度，高酸度，呈现柑橘和核果的芳香，通常伴有明显的矿物/钢铁般冷凉清脆的特征。然而，现在许多的葡萄酒都选用留有一部分残糖的酿造工艺。比较而言，这些阿尔萨斯的雷司令通常没有德国雷司令那么多的花香特征。
Wine 3: the best Alsatian Riesling are medium – full bodied, dry with medium alcohol, high acidity and display citrus and stone fruit aromas often with a pronounced stony/steely character. However, many wines are now being made with some residual sugar. As a point of comparison, these wines not typically show as much floral character as those from Germany.
Group 2: Spain / 第二组：西班牙
4号葡萄酒：Verdejo是Rueda的主要葡萄品种。它较耐旱，因此能够承受该地区降雨稀少的情况。其酿造的葡萄酒酸度为中等到中等偏上，中等酒精读，苹果，梨和桃子的风味，通常伴有草本的味道 (茴香)，回味略苦。
Wine 4: Verdejo is the key grape variety in Rueda. It is relatively drought tolerant and therefore able to withstand the lack of rainfall in the region. It produces wines with m to m + acidity, m alcohol and apple, pear and peach characteristics often with a herbal note (fennel) and a slight bitterness on the finish.
5号葡萄酒：Ribera del Duero出产红葡萄酒和桃红葡萄酒，尽管在实际上绝大多数酿造的是红葡萄酒。丹魄 (Tempranillo) 是主要的葡萄品种，也是在大多数红葡萄酒酒中都用到的一个品种，这种葡萄酒通常色泽较深，单宁含量高。赤霞珠（Cabernet Sauvignon）、Malbec (马尔贝克) 和梅洛（Merlot）也被允许使用，然而混酿的比例和频率都很低。
Wine 5: Ribera del Duero is a DO for red and rosé wine only, although in reality the vast majority of production is red wine. Tempranillo is the dominant grape and is the only variety in most of the red wines, which are typically dark in colour with a high level of tannins. CS, Malbec and Merlot are also permitted but rarely used.
6号葡萄酒：慕合怀特（Monastrell）是胡米利亚（Jumilla）的主要葡萄品种。它非常适合这里的低降雨量和极端高温。慕合怀特（Monastrell）的红葡萄酒通常酒体饱满，酒精度高，有成熟黑莓和樱桃的味道，以及于橡木中成熟的香料味。在非常优质的酒款中，成熟的浓郁果香与中等偏上的酸度相平衡。
Wine 6: Monastrell is the dominant grape here in the Jumilla. It is well suited to low rainfall and extreme heat. Red wines from Monastrell are generally full-bodied with high alcohol and flavors of ripe blackberry and cherry fruit and spice from maturation in oak. In very good examples, ripe concentrated fruit is balanced with m + acidity.
Group 3: Loire Valley / 第三组：卢瓦尔河谷
7号葡萄酒：所有命名中带有“Muscadet”的葡萄酒都是中等酒精度的干型葡萄酒，允许的最大酒精度为12%abv。传统上，葡萄酒是在大型的旧橡木桶中发酵的，然而现在混凝土或不锈钢的大桶也很常见。酸度高，酒体轻盈，略带绿色水果味。这类葡萄酒应该在年轻时饮用。
Wine 7: all wines from the Muscadet appellations are dry with medium alcohol, the maximum permitted alcoholic strength for wines is 12%abv. Traditionally, the wines were fermented in large old oak vessels but now concrete or stainless steel vats are very common. The wines display high acidity, a light body and subtle green fruit flavors. They should be drunk young.
8号葡萄酒：武弗雷（Vouvray）位于图尔市（Tours）的东部，酿造静止和起泡白诗南葡萄酒。静止葡萄酒根据年份的不同从干型到甘甜不等。这里凉爽的气候和粘土土壤意味着武弗雷的酒体轻盈，带有新鲜的水果和花香。它很少在新橡木桶中发酵或成熟。
Wine 8: Vouvray located to the east of the city of Tours, makes both still and sparkling Chenin Blanc wines. The still wines ranges from dry to lusciously sweet depending on the vintage. The cool climate and clay soils here mean that Vouvray tends to be light to m in body, with fresh fruit and floral notes. It is rarely fermented or matured in new oak.
9号葡萄酒：莱昂丘（Coteaux du Layon）是卢瓦尔河谷最著名的甜葡萄酒之一。该产区位于卢瓦尔南部的莱昂河 (Layon) 的庇护山谷中，这里是出产贵腐葡萄的好地方。两个最好的葡萄园，Quarts de Chaume和Bonnezeaux有自己的原产地命名AOC和可以与世界上数一数二的优质甜葡萄酒相提并论。
Wine 9: Coteaux du Layon makes some of the most renowned sweet wine in the region. The appellation is located in the sheltered valley of the river Layon to the south of Loire, where noble rots develops well. The 2 most favourable sites, Quarts de Chaume and Bonnezeaux have their own appellations and rank among the world’s greatest sweet wines.
Group 4: Semi-Carbonic Maceration / 第四组：半二氧化碳浸渍法
10号葡萄酒：Fleurie AOC产区的南部有沙质土壤，可以生产出更轻酒体更馥郁芳香的葡萄酒 (这是单一园cru特征)，而在北部，靠近Moulin-à-Vent，那里的土壤有更多的粘土，葡萄酒的酒体变得更重，更低的酸度却也更加浓郁。
Wine 10: Fleurie AOC, the southern part of this cru has sandy soils producing lighter and more fragrant wine (which is the reputation of the appellation), while towards the north, next to Moulin-à-Vent where the soils have more clay, the wines become heavier, have lower acidity and more full-bodied.
11号葡萄酒：Pay d ‘Oc IGP是法国最大的IGP。根据年份不同，这个IGP可以出产10-15%的法国葡萄酒。
Wine 11: Pay d’Oc IGP is the biggest producer of IGP wines in France. The single IGP produces between 10-15% of French wine depending on the vintage.
12号葡萄酒：Fitou AOC由两个区域组成，其中一部分为Cobière AOC，毗邻鲁西永（Roussillon）。朗格多克（Languedoc）的第一个AOC。这里的重点是传统品种佳丽酿（Carignan）和黑歌海娜(Grenache Noir)，混酿中比例必须达到10-40%。Fitou地区最大的生产商Mont Tauch合作社，约占该产区总产量的一半。
Wine 12: Fitou AOC, made up of 2 areas with a part of Cobière AOC between them, adjacent to Roussillon. The 1st AOC in Languedoc. the focus here is on the traditional varieties Carignan, which must be 10-40% of the blend, and Grenache Noir (minimum 20%). The largest producer in Fitou is the Mont Tauch co-operative responsible for approximately half of the total production of the appellation.
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